After 17 years in prison, all 12 men convicted in the 2006 Mumbai train bombings have been acquitted by the Bombay High Court due to lack of admissible evidence, unreliable confessions, and critical investigative failures. The ruling has reignited scrutiny of India’s counterterrorism efforts and left families of the 189 victims without legal closure or accountability, as the perpetrators of one of India’s deadliest attacks remain unidentified.